This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Purchase Article View Shopping Cart Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a colleague Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Save to my personal folders Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Greten, T. F. Articles by Jaffee, E. M. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Greten, T. F. Articles by Jaffee, E. M.

Cancer Vaccines

From the Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.

Address reprint requests to Elizabeth M. Jaffee, MD, Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Ave, Ross 350, Baltimore, MD 21205-2196; email ejaffee{at}welchlink.welch.jhu.edu

ABSTRACT

It has been more than 100 years since the first reported attempts to activate a patient's immune system to eradicate developing cancers. Although a few of the subsequent vaccine studies demonstrated clinically significant treatment effects, active immunotherapy has not yet become an established cancer treatment modality. Two recent advances have allowed the design of more specific cancer vaccine approaches: improved molecular biology techniques and a greater understanding of the mechanisms involved in the activation of T cells. These advances have resulted in improved systemic antitumor immune responses in animal models. Because most tumor antigens recognized by T cells are still not known, the tumor cell itself is the best source of immunizing antigens. For this reason, most vaccine approaches currently being tested in the clinics use whole cancer cells that have been genetically modified to express genes that are now known to be critical mediators of immune system activation. In the future, the molecular definition of tumor-specific antigens that are recognized by activated T cells will allow the development of targeted antigen-specific vaccines for the treatment of patients with cancer.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				M. E. Couch, R. L. Ferris, J. A. Brennan, W. M. Koch, E. M. Jaffee, M. S. Leibowitz, G. T. Nepom, H. A. Erlich, and D. Sidransky Alteration of Cellular and Humoral Immunity by Mutant p53 Protein and Processed Mutant Peptide in Head and Neck Cancer Clin. Cancer Res., December 1, 2007; 13(23): 7199 - 7206. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. Bouzin, A. Brouet, J. De Vriese, J. DeWever, and O. Feron Effects of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor on the Lymphocyte-Endothelium Interactions: Identification of Caveolin-1 and Nitric Oxide as Control Points of Endothelial Cell Anergy J. Immunol., February 1, 2007; 178(3): 1505 - 1511. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. I. Garbe, B. Vermeer, J. Gamrekelashvili, R. v. Wasielewski, F. R. Greten, A. M. Westendorf, J. Buer, R. M. Schmid, M. P. Manns, F. Korangy, et al. Genetically Induced Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Is Highly Immunogenic and Causes Spontaneous Tumor-Specific Immune Responses Cancer Res., January 1, 2006; 66(1): 508 - 516. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. A. Laheru, D. M. Pardoll, and E. M. Jaffee Genes to vaccines for immunotherapy: how the molecular biology revolution has influenced cancer immunology Mol. Cancer Ther., November 1, 2005; 4(11): 1645 - 1652. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. A. Ormandy, T. Hillemann, H. Wedemeyer, M. P. Manns, T. F. Greten, and F. Korangy Increased Populations of Regulatory T Cells in Peripheral Blood of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cancer Res., March 15, 2005; 65(6): 2457 - 2464. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. M. Thomas, L. M. Santarsiero, E. R. Lutz, T. D. Armstrong, Y.-C. Chen, L.-Q. Huang, D. A. Laheru, M. Goggins, R. H. Hruban, and E. M. Jaffee Mesothelin-specific CD8+ T Cell Responses Provide Evidence of In Vivo Cross-Priming by Antigen-Presenting Cells in Vaccinated Pancreatic Cancer Patients J. Exp. Med., August 2, 2004; 200(3): 297 - 306. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				F. Korangy, L. A. Ormandy, J. S. Bleck, J. Klempnauer, L. Wilkens, M. P. Manns, and T. F. Greten Spontaneous Tumor-Specific Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses to NY-ESO-1 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Clin. Cancer Res., July 1, 2004; 10(13): 4332 - 4341. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. R. Saff, E. S. Spanjaard, A. M. Hohlbaum, and A. Marshak-Rothstein Activation-Induced Cell Death Limits Effector Function of CD4 Tumor-Specific T Cells J. Immunol., June 1, 2004; 172(11): 6598 - 6606. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. Atanackovic, N. K. Altorki, E. Stockert, B. Williamson, A. A. Jungbluth, E. Ritter, D. Santiago, C. A. Ferrara, M. Matsuo, A. Selvakumar, et al. Vaccine-Induced CD4+ T Cell Responses to MAGE-3 Protein in Lung Cancer Patients J. Immunol., March 1, 2004; 172(5): 3289 - 3296. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. A. Caldwell, M. H. Ryan, E. McDuffie, and S. I. Abrams The Fas/Fas Ligand Pathway Is Important for Optimal Tumor Regression in a Mouse Model of CTL Adoptive Immunotherapy of Experimental CMS4 Lung Metastases J. Immunol., September 1, 2003; 171(5): 2402 - 2412. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Jain, J. E. Slansky, L. C. Matey, H. E. Allen, D. M. Pardoll, and R. D. Schulick Synergistic Effect of a Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor-Transduced Tumor Vaccine and Systemic Interleukin-2 in the Treatment of Murine Colorectal Cancer Hepatic Metastases Ann. Surg. Oncol., August 1, 2003; 10(7): 810 - 820. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. M. Ercolini, J.-P. H. Machiels, Y. C. Chen, J. E. Slansky, M. Giedlen, R. T. Reilly, and E. M. Jaffee Identification and Characterization of the Immunodominant Rat HER-2/neu MHC Class I Epitope Presented by Spontaneous Mammary Tumors from HER-2/neu-Transgenic Mice J. Immunol., April 15, 2003; 170(8): 4273 - 4280. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. J. Bergman, J. McKnight, A. Novosad, S. Charney, J. Farrelly, D. Craft, M. Wulderk, Y. Jeffers, M. Sadelain, A. E. Hohenhaus, et al. Long-Term Survival of Dogs with Advanced Malignant Melanoma after DNA Vaccination with Xenogeneic Human Tyrosinase: A Phase I Trial Clin. Cancer Res., April 1, 2003; 9(4): 1284 - 1290. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. K. Ramanathan, D. M. Potter, C. P. Belani, S. A. Jacobs, S. Gravenstein, F. Lim, H. Kim, S. Savona, T. Evans, D. Buchbarker, et al. Randomized Trial of Influenza Vaccine With Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor or Placebo in Cancer Patients J. Clin. Oncol., November 1, 2002; 20(21): 4313 - 4318. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Kern, R. Hruban, M. A. Hollingsworth, R. Brand, T. E. Adrian, E. Jaffee, and M. A. Tempero A White Paper: The Product of a Pancreas Cancer Think Tank Cancer Res., June 1, 2001; 61(12): 4923 - 4932. [Full Text] [PDF]

				J.-P. H. Machiels, R. T. Reilly, L. A. Emens, A. M. Ercolini, R. Y. Lei, D. Weintraub, F. I. Okoye, and E. M. Jaffee Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin, and Paclitaxel Enhance the Antitumor Immune Response of Granulocyte/Macrophage-Colony Stimulating Factor-secreting Whole-Cell Vaccines in HER-2/neu Tolerized Mice Cancer Res., May 1, 2001; 61(9): 3689 - 3697. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				E. M. Jaffee, R. H. Hruban, B. Biedrzycki, D. Laheru, K. Schepers, P. R. Sauter, M. Goemann, J. Coleman, L. Grochow, R. C. Donehower, et al. Novel Allogeneic Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor-Secreting Tumor Vaccine for Pancreatic Cancer: A Phase I Trial of Safety and Immune Activation J. Clin. Oncol., January 1, 2001; 19(1): 145 - 156. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. S. Bergmann-Leitner and S. I. Abrams Differential Role of Fas/Fas Ligand Interactions in Cytolysis of Primary and Metastatic Colon Carcinoma Cell Lines by Human Antigen-Specific CD8+ CTL J. Immunol., May 1, 2000; 164(9): 4941 - 4954. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]